Joint for metallic and earthenware pipes.



No. 75,423.1 Patented Dec. 9, 1902.

G. F. RYAN. JOINT F03 METALLIC AND EAHTHENWRE PIPES.

' 'Application filed Jan.,20, 19 02.J No ModeL; Sheets-Shes! L mams Pmascu. Haro-umol. wAsHmarnu, u, c,

. No. 7|5,421 Paxemed nec. A9. |902'.-

G;- F. RYAN. ,mmf son METALLIC' Ann EAmHeNwAsE mp2s.

(Applicatdn led Jam 20,k 1902.)

2 Sheds-Sheet 2.

A (N-Monk) Y Tn: Norms Pneus co., Pumaum UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. l

GEORGE FRANCIS RYAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

JOINT FOR METALLIC AND EARTHENWAREr PlPS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 715,423, dated December 9. 1902. VApplication filed January 20. 1902. Serial No. 90,875. (No model.)

.To @ZZ whom t vri/Cty concern,.-

Beit known that I, GEORGE FRANCIS RYAN, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Joints for Metallic and Earthenware Pipes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,rand to the letro ters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to pi pe-joints of that class by which a metallic soil-pipe is connected with a non-metallic or earthenware pipe,

I5 the joint being so constructed as to provide a strong and durable connection and to prevent the passage of fluid'past the same.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointzo ed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section ofthe adjacent ends of a metallic soil-pipe and an earthenware drain-pipe connected by a joint embodying the main fea- 2 5 tures of myinvention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l with parts broken away. Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of the adjacent ends 3o of a coil and non-metallic pipe, illustrating a modification of the connecting-joint. Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation of the earthenware pipe and one of the clamps shown in Fig. 4.

First referring to the construction shown in Figs. l to 3, A designates a vsection of a metallic pipe which extends into and communicates with the adjacent end of the earthenware pipe B. Said earthenware pipe B is provided on its outer end with an outwardlycurved ilange B', which forms a socket B2, adapted to receive parts of the device constituting the joint between said pipes.

C designates a split ring which fits within the pipe B and is provided with interior screw-threads and onits outer surface with short radially-projecting spurs c, adapted to be pressed into the inner surface of the earth- 5o enware pipe when the parts of the ring are spread or expanded outwardly in the manner hereinafter described. The parts of. the ring are provided on their upper ends with anges c', which rest on the bottom of the socket when the ring is in place in the pipe B. Said ring is tapered on its inner side.

D designates" a fitting comprising a lower tapered part D of circular cross-section, an upwardly and inwardly tapered part D2, and a cylindric part DB at the outer end of said 6o tapered part D2. Said parts D2 D3 constitute,v in effect, a reducing-ring made integral with the part D' to receive the soil-pipe A. Said lower tapered part of the tting D is provided with exterior screw-threads adapted to engage the interior screw-threads of the split ring C when inserted into the latter.

The fitting D is provided at the upper end' of the screw threaded tapered portion D thereof with a radial annular flange d, which 7o is adapted to t iiat upon the dange c of the expansible ring C or upon a yielding gasket interposed between said flanges. The cylindric upper end D3 of the fitting D is made somewhat larger than the upper end of the tapered portion D2 ot' said fitting, and between said cylindric and tapered portions of the fitting is formed inside of said litting an annular upwardly-facing shoulder di, which is concentric with the axis of the 8o fitting. The soil-pipe A passes into the itting some distance beyond said shoulder d2. Located Within said cylindric upper end of the iitting and surrounding the soil-pipe A is an annular packing-ring E, which is provided at its lower end with an inwardlydirected annular liange e, between which and the opposing annular shoulder d2 of the tting is interposed a'packing-gasket F, which surrounds and fits closely upon the soil-pipe 9o A. The upper surface of the gasket F is inclined outwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, and the lower surface of the packing-ring is correspondingly inclined, so that pressure exerted by said packing-ring upon the gasket tends to shift the gasket inwardly into close contact with the outer surface of the soil-pipe. Pressure is transmitted to said packing-ring through the medium of a plurality of bolts G, which extend through apertured radial 10o lugs e', formed on the outer end of the packing-ring E, and have screw-threaded engagement with apertured lugs d3, formed on the outer end of the cylindric portion of the fitting D.

In assembling the joint the parts of the expending-ring C are first inserted into the open end of the sewer-pipe B. The tapered lower end D' of the fitting D is next inserted into the said expanding-ring and turned downwardly thereinto, and the tapered construction of said lower end of the flttingD and the split ring acts to gradually expand or cause the parts of said ring to be spread outwardly against the inner surfaces of the earthenware pipe, so that the spurs on the outer surface of said ring are embedded or forced into the earthenware pipe. The ring is thus locked in the earthenware pipe, and withdrawal therefrom is prevented so long as the fitting is turned down in place. Thereafter the soilpipe A is inserted into the upper reduced end of the fitting, the gasket F fitted thereover, and the packing-ring E clamped down upon said gasket through the medium of the bolts Gin the manner described to complete the joint between the soil-pipe and said fitting. If desired, fiat packing rings or gaskets may be interposed between the flange c of the said split ring and the bottom of the socket in the end of the earthenware pipe and between the said fiange and the ange d of the fitting D. Furthermore, the socket B2, at the upper end of the earthenware pipe above the fianges d, referred to, will desirably be filled witha mass or body of cement of a character usually ernployed by plumbers, which more effectively prevents the escape of water and gases between said fitting and the earthenware pipe. Said tting is provided on` the exterior part of the tapered portion D2 thereof with a short annular fiange d4, located at the level of the upper margin of the [iange B of the earthenware pipe, which annular fiange determines the depth of the body of cement in said socket.

As a further and separate improvement and in order to prevent the fitting D from turning in the split expanding-ring C, I provide locking devices, as follows: D4 D4 designate metal spikes or lugs, which are formed on or attached at their inner ends to the fitting D and are adapted for interlocking engagement at their outer ends with the :iiange B of the earthenware pipe. As herein shown, said lugs or spikes are made separate from said fitting and have screw-threaded engagement with apertured enlargements d5 on the outer surface of the fitting. Said spikes before the fitting is inserted into the earthenware pipe are bent upwardly at their intermediate portions,-as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l, and after said fitting has been set in place and turned downwardly and before the cement has been inserted in the socket B2 in the manner before described said spikes are straightened by tapping the upwardly-curved parts thereof with a hammer or like tool, and the straightening of the spikes in this man 1er causes the outer pointed ends thereof to be driven or embedded into the inner surface of the fiange B', as shown in Fig. l. De-

sirably the spikes are so located with respect to the fiange d of the fitting D that when said spikes are straightened they lie flat upon said fiange, the flange preventing the same from being bent downwardly beyond a straight position, which would act to withdraw the same from engagement with the earthenware pipe. The spikes are engaged with the earthenware pipe in the manner stated to prevent rotation of the fittingl D in the expansible ring, and therefore prevent disengagement of said parts. v When it is desirable to remove the fitting from the earthenware pipe, the spikes D4 are first removed by bending the same upwardly or cutting the same off, after which said fitting may be unscrewed from the split ring and the parts disassembled.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown a modification of the joint, the modifications embracing principally the provision of a packing-gasket between the split expansible ring and the earthenware pipe and also another manner of producing pressure on the split ring to expand the same into contact with the earthenware pipe. As shown in said figures, the earthenware pipe is provided below the fiange or hub B, at the upper end thereof, with an internal annular recess or groove B3, which is herein shown as formed by an annular finte or corrugating the wall of the pipe. Located in said annular recess or groove is a rubber or fiber gasket H, which is shown as rounded on its outer surface to conform to the shape of the recess or gooove and is made fiat on its inner surface and adapted to bear against a split expansible ring I, inserted into said pipe and which corresponds generally to the split ring C, hereinbefore referred to. Said split ring I is made of three separate parts to facilitate the insertion thereof into an earthenware pipe.- Instead of employing a screwthreaded connection between the lower tapered end D4 of the fitting D and the split ring I, as in the construction previously described, the contacting tapered surfaces of said lower end of the fitting and the ring are made smooth, and said ring is expanded by pressing or forcing the fitting into the ring. This is accomplished by means of a plurality of clamps J, which are formed to fit outside of or embrace the hub of the pipe B and a ring K, located within the socket B2 and surrounding the tapered part D2 of the fitting D. Said ring K is provided at its outer end with a plurality of radial lugs 7o, and the ring is pressed inwardly to force the tapered end of the fitting into the split ring by means of a plurality of clamping-bolts K', which extend through said apertured lugs k and into apertured lugsj, formed on the upper ends of the clamps J. In order to prevent the lower ends of said clamp from spreading outwardly when said clamping-bolts are turned downwardly, the lower ends of the clamps are shown as encircled by a ring L. Said ring when used IOO TIO

with the form of pipe shown in Fig. 4 is anl when used with thel form of pipe shown in Y rire,

Fig. 1 may be made a complete circle and slipped upwardly over the pipe and clamps.

'Desirably the overlapping lugsj kof the ring K and clamps J are made of considerable length. Clamping-bolts K' for each pair of lugs may be provided, as shown in Fig. e. After the bolts have been turned downwardly aslight advance of the inner bolts will serve to throw the lower ends of the clamps more irmly against the outer surface of the hub.

The remaining parts (shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6) are in all substantial respects like the corresponding parts shown in the preceding iigures and bear like reference-letters.

It is manifest that the parts constituting the joint shown in the several figures of the drawings when assembled produce a very strong and durable joint between an earthenware and a metallic soil-pipe and at the same time a joint which eifectually prevents the escape of gases and fluids between said pipes. It is furthermore obvious that the essential features of that part of the construction embodying the connections bet-Ween the earthenware pipe and the fitting D may be employed for connecting a cover or closure with a sewer clean-out branch, the closure properV being attached to the outer end of a fitting corresponding to the fitting D and said iittng being connected with the clean out branch of the sewer in substantially the same manner as the fitting D illustrated is connected With the earthenware pipe B.

An important advantage gained bythe employment for joining the soil-pipe with the earthenware pipe of clamping means embracing a plurality of circumferentially-separated and separately-adjustable clamping-bars is that such bars are adapted to adjust themselves to irregularities of the hub when tightened against the latter.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination with an earthenware sewer-pipe, of an expansible metal ring contained Within the end of said pipe and provided on its exterior surface with spurs or projections, a fitting provided with a tapered inner end which enters said expansible ring,

and means for forcing said tapered part of the iitting into said ring.

2. The combination with an earthenware pipe, of a metal eXpansible ring contained Within the end of said pipe, a packing-ring interposed between the outer surface of said ring and the pipe, a fitting provided at its inner end with a tapered sleeve adapted to enter said ring, and means for forcing said tapered sleeve into the ring.

3. The combination with an earthenware of an expansible metal ring which enters the end of said pipe, a gasket interposed between said ring and said pipe, outwardlyprojecting spurs on the outer surface of said ring adapted to engage the inner surface of said pipe, a fitting provided at its inner end with a tapered sleeve adapted to enter said ring, and means for forcing said tapered sleeve int-0 said ring.

4. The combination with an earthenware pipe, of an expansible metal ring in the end of said pipe, a fitting constructed at its outer end to receive and form a joint with a soilpipe and provided at its inner end with a tapered part adapted toenter the expansible ring in said pipe, and means for forcing said fitting into said ring.

5. The combination with an earthenware pipe, of an expansible ring which enters the end of said pipe, an annular gasket surrounding said ring and interposed between the same and an annular recess in said pipe, a fitting provided at its inner end with a tapered part Which enters said ring, and means for forcing said tapered part of the fitting into said ring.

6. The combination with an earthenware pipe provided at its end with a hub and a soilpipe which communicates with the earthenware pipe, of a packing device entering said hub and surrounding said soil-pipe, and a plurality of circumferentially-separated clamping-bars which t outside of and embrace said hub and are connected at their outer ends with the packing device by means exerting endwise strain separately on the bars to pull the clamping device into the hub.

7. The combination with an earthenware pipe Aprovided at its end with a hub and a soilpipe which communicates With the earthen- Ware pipe, of a packing device entering said hub and surrounding said soilpipe,and a plurality of circumferentially-separated clamping-bars which fit outside of and embrace said hub and are connected at their outer ends With the packing device by means exerting endwise strain separately on the bars to pull the clam ping device into the hub, and means for holding the ends of the clamping-bars remote from the packing device in engagement with said earthenware pipe.

S. The lcombination with an earthenvvare pipe having a Bange at its end forming a hub, of an expansible metal ring in the end of said pipe, a tting provided at its inner end with a tapered part which enters said ring and a plurality ofclamp-bars which fit outside of and embracesaid hub and are connected at their outer ends with said fitting.

9. The combination with an earthenware pipe having a flange at its end forming a hub, of an expansible metal ring in the end of said pipe, a fitting provided at its inner end with a tapered part which enters said ring, a plu- IIO rality of clamp-bars which lit outside of and embrace said hub and are connected at their outer ends With said fitting, and a ring encircling the inner ends of said clamp-bars.

10. The combination with an earthenware sewer-pipe having a ange at its end forming a hub, of an expansible metal ring which enr ters the end of said pipe, a iitting provided ige With a tapered inner part which enters said ring, a plurality of radial lugs on said fitting, a plurality of clamps which iit outside of and embrace said hub, lugs on the outer ends of said clamps, and two clamping-bolts passing through each of the fitting-lugs and into the lugs of the clamps, the bolts of each pair being located one radially inside the other.

l1. The combination with au earthenware pipe, of an eXpansible ring which enters the end of said pipe and provided on its outer surfaces with projections adapted to engage the Wall of the pipe, a fitting provided with a tapered sleeve adapted to enter said expansible ring, and interlocking connections between said fitting and the earthenware pipe for preventing said fitting from turning With respect to said pipe.

12. The combination with an earthenware pipe, of an expansible ring which enters said pipe, said ring being provided with an annular flange adapted to engage an opposing annular surface at the end of the pipe, a fitting provided with a tapered sleeve adapted to enter said ring, and means for forcing said tapered sleeve into lsaid ring.

13. The combination with an earthenware pipe, of an expansible ring which enters said pipe, said ring being provided with an annular ange adapted' to engage an opposing annular surface at the end of the pipe, a fitting provided With a tapered sleeve adapted to enter said ring, and means for forcing said tapered sleeve into said ring, said tting being provided at the upper end of said tapered part with an annular iiange adapted to t upon the annular tiange of the eXpansible ring.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I ax my signature, in presence of two Witnesses, this 15th day of January,

GEORGE FRANCIS RYAN. Witnesses: WILLIAM L. HALL, GERTRUDE BRYCE. 

